Internal combustion engine



Sept. 4, 1934. L. M. WOOLSON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed 001;. 25,1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l gwve'nto'a LIONEL M Macao/v, Mat/755D,

Sept. 4, 1934. L. M. WOOLSON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed 001;. 25,1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 m n M LIONEL Mix/604.50% azcmasn,

Patented Sept. 4, 1934 5 Car Company,

' -luichigan yrs-sass Qatar casein-m ii -mat:

- 7 canes,- ch -18pm This invention relates to internal combustionengines and more ,particularly'to the cooling of circulating lubricantinan aeroplane engine.

Anobject of the invention is, to provide a circulatinglubricating systemfor aeroplane en- "5 gineshaving, a cooling portion arranged in the airstream ina relation, such that it will not offer any additionalresistance to progress through the aircbeyondthat of, the engine proper;I Another. object of the invention is to provide anii'inexpensive' andefiicient cooling systemic-for a'circulat-ing engine lubricatingsystem.- I

,A further object of the invention. is to pro-'-' vide a radialaeroplane engine in which anporti'on of the .lubricatingsystem'encirclesv theorem];

case intermediate .the-i propeller and .the "cylindersthereby...forming"an eficient, compact, cooling apparatus. H 1: l l 7Still another object; of the invention'is to provide axradial'aeroplaneenginewith a circulating lubricatingrsystem' having a conduitcooling-por engine showing the cowling support and the'c'o'ob- 5 ingcoil securing means; 1

Fig; 4:- is a sectional view of the engine taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 1;I 1

Fig- 5 is-a'ungrammauc illustration of he en gine'lubricating system.

Referring to thegdrawings by characteis' of reference, represents thecylindrical crank case of an internal combustion engine, preferably ofthe Diesel type, from which a plurality of cylinders 11 extend radially.The cylinders are each provided with a single port 12 serving as boththe air inlet and the exhaust outlet, and a fuel oil injection device 13is preferably associated with each cylinder. These devices eachpreferably include a nozzle and a plunger which is actuated by means ofmechanism extending into the crank case to transmit motion through aneng ne driven element (not shown). A valve controls the inner end ofeach of the ports 12 and 5 such valves are actuated by mechanismextending and supported through: 1 14 sixth-mocha ease whei-"ez:suitable J engine dfiven 1- asses ciated: "therewith; The cylinders:arersecimed to the" crank case 'Eiy a p'air "of bands iii-which em gage?thecylinders adjacent-portions i bearing against the crank" casasucrrbemds 'beingain si'on whims isinitially greater 7 that pro-i dacedthereimby expmsw forces :during opemi name: the engine v crank 11'6"eiitendstl'dtrugi'r the is provided at? its forward end with a propeller17, there being a suitablzdriv ingi 'cohnccti'on betweerr theicr'anbsmti and propellefi and ascur-ingmefiirs I8 m retaining theropeller axially upon-the crank-shaifi. devices; srmcorinectedby'iconduits 'lc anti-met oil suppiiezfthereto item-a: suitablesource-er supply; Inc-"engine is controlled: bins lever zmwnlclrantuatess wit-him the crank -case Ltts regnlatez the' strokes of the"fuel intention? mung'ers and thereby detennm the qrfa ntity' oi thefuelchargea." Further detailsof the: engine so-far dcscribed:can be"femur- Patent: No.- 1",!39638'5, datedrebniaryfl; 1933; the applicationfbr'which was co pemlme 1 enozetitne cmnli case s sii'pporting' ringbyt-n'l'eans ofi' bolus? 22,; with such ring is supported at theirbnt oi'the fuselage 23 by: struts- 24"." r The roiiwarct end or the arm easeextends inadvance'ofi the-cylinders; anda disk-shaped" coming 26* issecured thereto by Bolts-28,: suchicownng b'ing formed with a" pm ralityor openings- 27 disposed centrally ir'ont or ea'cli of the radiallyfiextending cylinders; When? the? propellenia being rotated or" when theairship 'isk in' flight,- an throug'k the' openings 27 and serve asins-answer the cylindera. then-S being J conventional Heat transfer ribsformed around tne cynnuem The 'lubricatingisystem ccimprisesa circufitmgsystem through Minionone lubticjanfiie may ai'pair cfipmnps ao ande-rarran'gen immm 32 and driven by suitable mechanism from the crankshaft. A conduit 33 connects the, pump with the reservoir 34, while aconduit 35=connects the pump 30 with the ducts arranged interiorly ofthe engine and leading to the elements to be lubricated. Excesslubricant collects in a sump in the engine in the conventional gravitymanner, and is drawn therefrom by the pump 31 through the conduit 36.The pump 31 and the reservoir are connected by a conduit means whichconsists of an upper tube 37 connected to the reservoir, 2. lower tube38 connected to the pump 31 and a cooling coil portion 39 connecting Thelubricant is forced through the coil by-the pump 31, after being drawnfrom the engine, and is subjected to the cooling effect of air whi'cpasses through the openings 27 fin th'e' cowling The cowling supportsare utilized for securing the cooling coil in position'lf, Spaced.brackets. composed of plates 40 and glare arranged on op-.

, cooling coil between'the cowling and the engine,

posite sides of the coil and are clarinp e'd rigidly thereagainst byrivets 42 which also pass through spacers 43. The rods 28 extend throughthe brackets, and the plates 4l"engage'a;"flange 44 on the rods. Therods 28 are formed in:.two secticns; the rear section is screwed intothe crank case and the. irontz'section extends :through the associatedbracket and screws into the front end of the. rear sectionr." Thefront/sections: are,

formed witha flanged portion 45 which with the fiangesA'iiclampthebracketsiin 'a fixed position; The front rod-sections extend throughthecowl-. ingqand. nuts 46 'securethe cowling against the flanged portion45 of the rodwwith this manner. of securing the brackets the coolingcoil can be readily assembled and disassembledrelative'to the engine-,.and.-;wi1l;=be rigidly mounted when assembled: a-J' 1 1 4 -'..It willbeseen' that only. a=fw7lo0ps of, tubing are required for an efiicientcooling-ofthe circulating 1ubricant,: thus providing an. inexpenss'ivestructure both-with respectto manuiactur ing and material cost;Furthermore, the cooling coil-is compactlyarra nged and presents ,no.irontal' surface extending beyond that of the engine. l While there-has.been herein described in some detail; a specific-embodiment of theinvention, which is deemed to be new and advantageous and may be;specifically. claimed; it isv not tobe under-.- stood that the?invention'is limited to the .exact detailsiof thepconstruction, .as itwill be apparent that-.;changes may be. made .thereinwithout idepartingfrom the spirit-.or scope of the invention.

is claimed-isz t In aradial internal; combustion engine for aeroplanes,a crank" caseohavingla reduced for,- wardly extending portion,-and acirculatory lubri-r eating systemv for the bearings of said engine,includingalubricant .cooling'. coil encircling the forwardly extendingportion of; the crank case, saidi coil: lying; whollywithina, zonedefined. .by ariaxialsext'ension ofathelargtest peripheral portionofthec ankcase. 1-; a .;i ,f In aradial; cylinder internal combustion eng nefor aeroplanes, a-crankycasevhavingxa for wa'rdly extending :reducedportion, .a cowlingifor the: front, end Ofmlihfi engine}. said cowlinghaving openings in frontoieachcylinder, and a lubricant circuitincluding a cooling pipe loop encircling the forwardly extending portionof the crank case and enclosed by the cowling, said loop being exposedto air passing through the cowling openings and lying wholly within azone madvance of and bounded by an axial extension of the largestperipheral portion of the crank case.

In an internal combustion engine for aeroplanes, a crank case havingradially extending cylinders, a cowling at the front of the crank case,means securingthe cowling to the crank I case,- and a circulatorylubricating system for the bearings of said engine, including alubricant and supporting means for the coil fixed to the cowlingsecuring means.

4. In an internal "combustion engine for aeroplanes, a crank case havingradially extending cylinders, a cowling at the front of the crank casehaving openings in advance of the cylinders, rods securing the cowlingto the crank case, and a circulatory lubricating system for the bearingsof said engine, including a lubricant cooling coil,

said engine,'including an oil cooling linecomprisingipipes arrangedbetween parts of said open ings and the crank case.

- ;6.v In an internal combustion engine for. aeroplanes, thecombinationof an engine having a crank case and having radial air-cooled cylinders,acowling arranged in front of the engine and having openings directly infront of the cylinders and part of the crank case, and a circulatorylubricating system for the bearings of said engine, including an oilcooling line comprising pipe f coils within the periphery of the crankcase and between the crank case and said openings.

1'. '7. In an internal combustion engine for aeroplanes,,a crank casehaving radial cylinders, a

cowling space in front of the crank case with suitable airopenings forthe cylinders, and a circulatory lubricating system for the bearings ofsaid engine, including lubricant cooling means arranged between thecrank case and parts of said openings, and a common supporting means forthe cowling andthe cooling means on the crank case.

. EMMA F. WOOLSON, Executria: of the Estate 0/ Lionel M. Woolson,

Deceased.

